Influence of emamectin benzoate; Emamectin nanoformulations and some weather factors on the population fluctuations of Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae).

Abstract

The experiment conducted during (2016/ 2017 and 2017/ 2018) at Fac. of Agric. Farm, Assiut Univ. on tomato hybrids to survey arthropods, determine reduction of Tuta absoluta by Proclaim® 5% (S0= 0.3 mm) and nano-formulations (S1= 17.43± 8.20nm and S2= 9.75± 3.86nm) by (120 gm/ Fadden) after 5th, 7th, and 10th days of post-treatment under some weather factors (WF): [Daily Maximum Temperature (DMax.T), Daily Minimum Temperature (DMin.T), and Daily relative humidity (DRH%)]. Survey presented nine insect species under nine genera, three mites, three predators and one parasitoid. The highest grand means for mines and immature stages in 18th of Jan., 2017 and 14th of March, 2018, and lowest in 3rd of Nov., 2016 and 4th of Dec., 2017. Meteorological data in 1st season were significant with mines and no significant with larvae on hybrids. In 2nd season, mines regulated by DMax.T (0.447) and DRH% (-0.621) for Vera, and DRH% (-0.540) for 010 with no significance between weather factors and larvae on hybrids. S2 in the 1st season highly reduced larvae after 10th days (103 ± 18.40 and 69.14 ± 14.21; for Vera and 010), and the lowest by S0 for Vera (10.40 ± 2.22) after 7th days; and 22.40 ± 1.78 for 010 in 5th days. In 2nd season, highest reduction by S2 (78.64 ± 1.27 and 105.00 ± 6.34 for Vera and 010 in 10th days; and lowest by S2 in Vera after 7th days (17.00 ± 0.61); and S1 for 010 after 5th days (29.64 ± 0.81).